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  <p class="align-right"><strong>control construct</strong></p>
<section id="control-call-super-1">
<span id="index-0"></span><span id="id1"></span><h1><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(^^)/1</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#control-call-super-1" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<section id="description">
<h2>Description<a class="headerlink" href="#description" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="highlight-logtalk notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">^^</span><span class="nv">Predicate</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Calls an imported or inherited predicate definition. The call fails if
the predicate is declared but there is no imported or inherited
predicate definition (as per the <a class="reference internal" href="../../glossary.html#term-closed-world-assumption"><span class="xref std std-term">closed-world assumption</span></a>). This
control construct may be used within objects or categories in the body
of a predicate definition.</p>
<p>This control construct preserves the implicit execution context
<a class="reference internal" href="../../glossary.html#term-self"><span class="xref std std-term">self</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../../glossary.html#term-sender"><span class="xref std std-term">sender</span></a> arguments (plus the meta-call
context and coinduction stack when applicable) when calling the
inherited (or imported) predicate definition.</p>
<p>The lookups for the predicate declaration and the predicate definition
are performed using a depth-first strategy. Depending on the value of
the <a class="reference internal" href="../../userman/programming.html#flag-optimize"><span class="std std-ref">optimize</span></a> flag, these lookups are performed
at compile-time when the predicate is static and sufficient information
is available. When the lookups are performed at runtime, a caching
mechanism is used to improve performance in subsequent calls. See the
User Manual section on <a class="reference internal" href="../../userman/performance.html#performance-performance"><span class="std std-ref">performance</span></a> for
details.</p>
<p>When the call is made from within an object, the lookup for the
predicate definition starts at the imported categories, if any. If an
imported predicate definition is not found, the lookup proceeds to the
ancestor objects. Calls from predicates defined in complementing
categories lookup inherited definitions as if the calls were made from
the complemented object, thus allowing more comprehensive object
patching. For other categories, the predicate definition lookup is
restricted to the extended categories.</p>
<p>The called predicate should be declared <a class="reference internal" href="../directives/public_1.html#directives-public-1"><span class="std std-ref">public</span></a>
or <a class="reference internal" href="../directives/protected_1.html#directives-protected-1"><span class="std std-ref">protected</span></a>. It may also be declared
<a class="reference internal" href="../directives/private_1.html#directives-private-1"><span class="std std-ref">private</span></a> if within the scope of the entity
where the method making the call is defined.</p>
<p>This control construct is a generalization of the Smalltalk <em>super</em>
keyword to take into account Logtalk support for prototypes and
categories besides classes.</p>
</section>
<section id="modes-and-number-of-proofs">
<h2>Modes and number of proofs<a class="headerlink" href="#modes-and-number-of-proofs" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="highlight-logtalk notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">^^+</span>callable <span class="o">-</span> zero_or_more
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="errors">
<h2>Errors<a class="headerlink" href="#errors" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="line-block">
<div class="line"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Predicate</span></code> is a variable:</div>
<div class="line-block">
<div class="line"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">instantiation_error</span></code></div>
</div>
<div class="line"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Predicate</span></code> is neither a variable nor a callable term:</div>
<div class="line-block">
<div class="line"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type_error(callable,</span> <span class="pre">Predicate)</span></code></div>
</div>
<div class="line"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Predicate</span></code>, with predicate indicator <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Name/Arity</span></code>, is declared private:</div>
<div class="line-block">
<div class="line"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">permission_error(access,</span> <span class="pre">private_predicate,</span> <span class="pre">Name/Arity)</span></code></div>
</div>
<div class="line"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Predicate</span></code>, with predicate indicator <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Name/Arity</span></code>, is not declared:</div>
<div class="line-block">
<div class="line"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">existence_error(predicate_declaration,</span> <span class="pre">Name/Arity)</span></code></div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="examples">
<h2>Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#examples" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="highlight-logtalk notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c">% specialize the inherited definition</span>
<span class="c">% of the init/0 predicate:</span>
init <span class="o">:-</span>
    <span class="k">assertz</span>(counter(<span class="m">0</span>)),
    <span class="o">^^</span>init.
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="send_to_object_2.html#control-send-to-object-2"><span class="std std-ref">(::)/2</span></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="send_to_self_1.html#control-send-to-self-1"><span class="std std-ref">(::)/1</span></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="delegate_message_1.html#control-delegate-message-1"><span class="std std-ref">[]/1</span></a></p>
</div>
</section>
</section>


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